Enterochromaffin

Enterochromaffin (EC) cells are a type of neuroendocrine cell found in the gastrointestinal tract. They are responsible for the production and secretion of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility.

Function

EC cells are primarily involved in the production and secretion of serotonin. This neurotransmitter is essential for the regulation of various physiological processes in the gastrointestinal tract, including gastrointestinal motility, intestinal secretion, and visceral sensation. EC cells can respond to various stimuli, such as mechanical stress or chemical signals, leading to the release of serotonin.

Location

EC cells are found throughout the gastrointestinal tract, with the highest concentration in the duodenum and jejunum. They are also present in the stomach, ileum, and colon. In addition to the gastrointestinal tract, EC cells can also be found in the pancreas and lung.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the function of EC cells can lead to various gastrointestinal disorders. For example, an increase in the number of EC cells and serotonin production is associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). On the other hand, a decrease in the number of EC cells and serotonin production is linked to conditions such as constipation and gastroparesis.

See also

• Neuroendocrine cell
• Serotonin
• Gastrointestinal tract
• Irritable bowel syndrome
• Gastroparesis

References

Enterochromaffin Resources
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