Epoöphoron

A vestigial structure in the female reproductive system

General Information
Latin	epoöphoron
Greek
TA98
TA2
FMA
Details
System	Reproductive system
Artery	Ovarian artery
Vein	Ovarian vein
Nerve
Lymphatic drainage
Precursor	Mesonephros
Function
Identifiers
Clinical significance
Notes

The epoöphoron (also known as the organ of Rosenmüller) is a vestigial structure found in the female reproductive system. It is located in the broad ligament of the uterus, near the ovary and the fallopian tube. The epoöphoron is homologous to the epididymis in males and is derived from the mesonephric duct (Wolffian duct) during embryonic development.

Structure

The epoöphoron consists of a series of small tubules, which are remnants of the mesonephric tubules. These tubules are typically non-functional in females and are located in the mesosalpinx, the upper part of the broad ligament. The epoöphoron is situated between the ovary and the fallopian tube, and its tubules may open into the Gartner's duct, another vestigial structure.

Development

During embryonic development, the mesonephric duct gives rise to several structures in the male reproductive system, such as the epididymis, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles. In females, however, the mesonephric duct largely regresses, leaving behind vestigial structures like the epoöphoron and the paroöphoron. These structures are remnants of the embryonic kidney system, the mesonephros.

Function

In females, the epoöphoron is considered a vestigial organ and does not have a significant function. It is a remnant of the embryonic development process and does not play a role in the reproductive system. However, it is of clinical interest because it can sometimes give rise to cysts, known as paraovarian cysts, which may require medical attention if symptomatic.

Clinical significance

The epoöphoron is generally asymptomatic and does not affect the reproductive health of women. However, it can occasionally be involved in the formation of paraovarian cysts. These cysts are usually benign and may be discovered incidentally during pelvic examinations or imaging studies. In rare cases, they can cause symptoms such as pelvic pain or discomfort, and surgical intervention may be necessary.

Also see

• Paroöphoron
• Gartner's duct
• Paraovarian cyst
• Mesonephric duct
• Broad ligament of the uterus