Ercalcitriol
A detailed overview of Ercalcitriol, its uses, mechanism, and related information
Ercalcitriol is a biologically active form of vitamin D, specifically a Vitamin D analog. It is known chemically as 1α,25-dihydroxyergocalciferol. Ercalcitriol plays a crucial role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism, similar to other active forms of vitamin D.
Chemical Structure and Properties[edit | edit source]
Ercalcitriol is a secosteroid, which means it is a steroid molecule with a "broken" ring. Its chemical formula is C28H44O3, and it is a derivative of ergocalciferol (vitamin D2). The molecule is characterized by hydroxyl groups at the 1α and 25 positions, which are critical for its biological activity.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Ercalcitriol functions by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR), a type of nuclear receptor that regulates the expression of genes involved in calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Upon binding to VDR, ercalcitriol forms a complex that translocates to the cell nucleus, where it influences the transcription of target genes. This action results in increased intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate, promoting bone mineralization.
Clinical Uses[edit | edit source]
Ercalcitriol is used in the management of conditions related to vitamin D deficiency and disorders of calcium metabolism. It is particularly useful in treating:
- Hypocalcemia
- Osteoporosis
- Rickets
- Chronic kidney disease-related bone disorders
Pharmacokinetics[edit | edit source]
Ercalcitriol is absorbed in the intestine and undergoes hepatic metabolism. It has a relatively short half-life compared to other vitamin D analogs, which can influence dosing regimens. The drug is excreted primarily in the bile and feces.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
The use of ercalcitriol can lead to hypercalcemia if not monitored carefully. Other potential side effects include:
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Weakness
Research and Development[edit | edit source]
Ongoing research is exploring the potential of ercalcitriol in treating other conditions, such as certain types of cancer and autoimmune diseases, due to its role in modulating immune function.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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