Estradiol/levonorgestrel

Estradiol/levonorgestrel is a hormone therapy medication that combines two active ingredients: estradiol, a form of the female sex hormone estrogen, and levonorgestrel, a synthetic form of the hormone progesterone. This combination is used primarily in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for women who are experiencing symptoms of menopause.

Uses

Estradiol/levonorgestrel is used to treat symptoms of menopause such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness, burning, and irritation. It is also used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, and to replace estrogen in women with ovarian failure or other conditions that cause a lack of natural estrogen in the body.

Mechanism of Action

Estradiol works by replacing the estrogen that the body is no longer able to produce, thereby relieving the symptoms of menopause. Levonorgestrel is a progestin that works by preventing the overgrowth of the lining of the uterus (endometrium) that can occur with estrogen treatment, reducing the risk of endometrial cancer.

Side Effects

Common side effects of estradiol/levonorgestrel include headache, breast pain, irregular vaginal bleeding or spotting, stomach/abdominal cramps, bloating, nausea and vomiting, and hair loss. More serious side effects can include increased risk of breast cancer, heart disease, stroke, and blood clots.

Interactions

Estradiol/levonorgestrel may interact with other medications, including certain blood thinners, thyroid medications, insulin or oral diabetes medications, and other hormones. It is important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Precautions

Before starting estradiol/levonorgestrel, tell your doctor if you have any medical conditions, especially: a history of blood clots, stroke, heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease, cancer, high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol/triglyceride levels, depression, gallbladder disease, or if you smoke.

See Also

• Hormone replacement therapy
• Menopause
• Osteoporosis