Estramustine phosphate sodium
A chemotherapy medication used to treat prostate cancer
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Estramustine phosphate sodium is a chemotherapy medication used primarily in the treatment of prostate cancer. It is a combination of a nitrogen mustard and an estrogen, specifically designed to target and disrupt the growth of cancer cells in the prostate.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Estramustine phosphate sodium works by combining the properties of an alkylating agent and an estrogen. The nitrogen mustard component acts as an alkylating agent, which interferes with the DNA replication of cancer cells, leading to cell death. The estrogen component helps in targeting prostate cancer cells, which often rely on androgens for growth. By binding to estrogen receptors, estramustine can disrupt the hormonal environment that supports cancer cell proliferation.
Pharmacokinetics[edit | edit source]
After oral administration, estramustine phosphate sodium is absorbed and metabolized in the liver. It is converted into its active form, estramustine, which then exerts its therapeutic effects. The drug is primarily excreted through the kidneys.
Clinical Use[edit | edit source]
Estramustine phosphate sodium is indicated for the treatment of metastatic and/or progressive prostate cancer. It is often used in cases where other treatments, such as androgen deprivation therapy, have failed or are not suitable.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of estramustine phosphate sodium include nausea, vomiting, gynecomastia, and fluid retention. Due to its estrogenic activity, it may also cause cardiovascular side effects such as hypertension and thromboembolic events. Patients are monitored for these adverse effects during treatment.
Contraindications[edit | edit source]
Estramustine phosphate sodium is contraindicated in patients with a history of thromboembolic disorders, severe liver dysfunction, or known hypersensitivity to the drug. It is also contraindicated in pregnant women due to its teratogenic effects.
Also see[edit | edit source]
Template:Prostate cancer treatment Template:Chemotherapy drugs
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
