Ethambutol hydrochloride

Ethambutol Hydrochloride is an antibacterial drug primarily used in the treatment of tuberculosis. It is a first-line anti-tuberculosis medication often used in combination with other drugs. Ethambutol Hydrochloride works by inhibiting the synthesis of the cell wall of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria.

History

Ethambutol Hydrochloride was first synthesized in the 1960s and has since been a crucial part of the World Health Organization's list of essential medicines.

Pharmacology

Ethambutol Hydrochloride is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, which means it inhibits the growth of the bacteria without killing them. It specifically targets the arabinosyl transferases involved in the cell wall biosynthesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Side Effects

Like all medications, Ethambutol Hydrochloride can cause side effects. The most common side effect is optic neuritis, which can lead to vision impairment. Other side effects can include rash, liver dysfunction, and hyperuricemia.

Dosage

The dosage of Ethambutol Hydrochloride varies depending on the patient's weight and the severity of the infection. It is usually taken orally once a day.

Resistance

Resistance to Ethambutol Hydrochloride can occur if the drug is used alone in the treatment of tuberculosis. This is why it is often used in combination with other anti-tuberculosis drugs.

See Also

• Tuberculosis
• Antibacterial
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• World Health Organization

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