Ethyl bromide

Ethyl Bromide

Ethyl bromide, also known as bromoethane, is a chemical compound belonging to the haloalkanes group. It is a colorless, volatile liquid at room temperature and has a high refractive index. It is used in organic synthesis and as a refrigerant.

Chemical Properties

Ethyl bromide is a halogenated hydrocarbon. It is a volatile, colorless liquid that is slightly soluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents. It has a sweet, ether-like odor. The chemical formula for ethyl bromide is C2H5Br, and its molecular weight is 108.97 g/mol.

Synthesis

Ethyl bromide is synthesized through the reaction of ethanol with hydrobromic acid, a process known as nucleophilic substitution. The reaction is exothermic and proceeds rapidly at room temperature.

Uses

Ethyl bromide is primarily used as an alkylating agent in organic synthesis. It is also used as a refrigerant, a blowing agent for foams, and a soil fumigant. In the past, it was used as an anesthetic.

Safety

Exposure to ethyl bromide can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It is also a central nervous system depressant and can cause dizziness, confusion, and in severe cases, unconsciousness. Chronic exposure can lead to liver and kidney damage.

Environmental Impact

Ethyl bromide is a potent ozone-depleting substance. It is also highly flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air.

See Also

• Haloalkanes
• Ethanol
• Hydrobromic acid
• Nucleophilic substitution