European hornet

VespaCrabroCollezione

European hornet

The European hornet, scientifically known as Vespa crabro, is a large hornet species native to Europe, Russia, and parts of Asia. It is the only true hornet species found in Europe. These insects are known for their distinctive coloration, with a yellow and brown striped abdomen and a reddish-brown thorax. European hornets are social insects that live in colonies, typically building their nests in hollow trees, wall cavities, or underground. Description European hornets are among the largest hornets in the world, with queens reaching lengths of up to 35 mm. Workers are slightly smaller, measuring around 25 mm in length. They have a robust body structure, with a characteristic yellow face and dark compound eyes. Their wingspan can reach up to 60 mm, making them formidable flyers. Behavior European hornets are primarily carnivorous, preying on a variety of insects such as bees, wasps, and other flying insects. They are also known to scavenge for food, feeding on tree sap, fruit, and nectar. Despite their predatory nature, European hornets are less aggressive compared to other hornet species and are not known to attack humans unless provoked. Nesting The nests of European hornets are constructed from a paper-like material made from chewed wood fibers mixed with saliva. These nests can reach impressive sizes, housing hundreds of individuals. The queen initiates nest construction in the spring and lays eggs that develop into workers. By late summer, the colony reaches its peak size, with the production of new queens and males for mating. Distribution European hornets are widely distributed across Europe, from the Iberian Peninsula to Scandinavia, and eastward to Russia and parts of Asia. They prefer wooded areas and are commonly found in forests, parks, and gardens. In recent years, there have been reports of European hornets establishing populations in North America, likely due to accidental introductions. Conservation Despite their intimidating appearance, European hornets play a vital role in controlling insect populations and are considered beneficial predators in the ecosystem. However, their presence near human habitation can sometimes lead to conflicts, especially if their nests are located in close proximity to homes or buildings. In conclusion, the European hornet is a fascinating insect species that contributes to the balance of nature through its predatory behavior. Understanding and respecting these creatures can help foster coexistence and appreciation for the diverse wildlife found in Europe and beyond.