Europium

Europium is a chemical element with the symbol Eu and atomic number 63. It is named after the continent of Europe. It is a moderately hard, silvery metal which readily oxidizes in air and water. Being a typical member of the lanthanide series, europium usually assumes the oxidation state +3, but the oxidation state +2 is also common. Europium has no significant biological role and is relatively non-toxic compared to other heavy metals. Most europium is used for europium-doped plastic phosphor in color TVs. Europium is one of the least abundant elements in the universe; only about 5×10−8% of all matter in the universe is europium.

Properties

Europium is the most reactive of the rare earth elements. It rapidly oxidizes in air, and resembles calcium in its reaction with water. Europium ignites in air at about 150 to 180 °C. Europium is about as hard as lead and quite ductile.

Applications

Europium is used primarily for its unique luminescent behavior. Excitation of the europium atom by absorption of ultra violet radiation can result in specific energy level transitions within the atom creating an emission of visible radiation. In color television, europium is used as a red phosphor. Europium is also used in the manufacture of fluorescent lamps, and in the doping of some types of glass to make lasers.

Health effects

Europium has no known biological role. It is not very toxic, but should be handled with care due to its reactivity with air and water.

See also

• Lanthanide
• Rare earth element
• Phosphor

References

Europium Resources
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