Euthanasia in New Zealand

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

2020 New Zealand euthanasia referendum results

Euthanasia in New Zealand refers to the legal and ethical considerations surrounding the practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering within the country. The topic has been a subject of significant public debate and legislative action.

Legal Status[edit | edit source]

Euthanasia in New Zealand was legalized following a public referendum held in conjunction with the 2020 general election. The End of Life Choice Act 2019 was passed by the New Zealand Parliament and came into effect on 7 November 2021. This legislation allows eligible individuals to request assisted dying under strict criteria.

Criteria for Eligibility[edit | edit source]

To be eligible for euthanasia under the End of Life Choice Act, a person must:

  • Be aged 18 years or older.
  • Be a citizen or permanent resident of New Zealand.
  • Suffer from a terminal illness that is likely to end their life within six months.
  • Be in an advanced state of irreversible decline in physical capability.
  • Experience unbearable suffering that cannot be relieved in a manner they consider tolerable.
  • Be competent to make an informed decision about assisted dying.

Process[edit | edit source]

The process for accessing euthanasia involves several steps: 1. The person must make a formal request to their attending medical practitioner. 2. The attending medical practitioner must assess the person’s eligibility. 3. A second independent medical practitioner must confirm the eligibility. 4. If there is any doubt about the person’s competence, a psychiatrist must also assess the person. 5. The person must be informed of their prognosis, the irreversible nature of the decision, and the alternatives available, including palliative care. 6. A waiting period is required before the procedure can be carried out.

Public Opinion[edit | edit source]

Public opinion on euthanasia in New Zealand has been divided. The 2020 referendum showed a majority in favor, with 65.1% voting to legalize euthanasia. However, there are still significant ethical, moral, and religious objections to the practice.

Ethical Considerations[edit | edit source]

The ethical debate around euthanasia involves several key issues:

  • The sanctity of life versus the quality of life.
  • Autonomy and the right to choose versus potential abuses and the slippery slope argument.
  • The role of medical professionals in ending life.

Related Legislation[edit | edit source]

The End of Life Choice Act is part of a broader legislative framework that includes:

See Also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

External Links[edit | edit source]

Template:New Zealand law


Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD