Fasting and abstinence in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church

Fasting and Abstinence in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church is a significant aspect of the spiritual and religious practices of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. This church, one of the oldest Christian denominations in the world, has a rich tradition of fasting and abstinence that is deeply embedded in the faith and culture of its followers. Fasting in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church is considered a means of purifying the body and soul, drawing closer to God, and preparing oneself for receiving the sacraments.

Overview

Fasting (Tsom in Amharic) in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church involves abstaining from specific foods and activities at certain times of the year. It is more than just a physical abstention; it is also a spiritual discipline designed to teach self-control, humility, and devotion. The church prescribes several fasting periods throughout the year, each with its own significance and rules.

Major Fasting Periods

The most important fasting periods in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church include:

• Great Lent: Known as Hudadi or Abiy Tsom, Great Lent is the longest and most strict fasting period, lasting 55 days leading up to Easter. It commemorates the 40 days that Jesus Christ spent fasting in the desert. During this time, adherents abstain from all meat and dairy products.

• Fast of the Apostles: This fast begins after the Feast of Pentecost and lasts for 10 to 40 days. It commemorates the apostles' fast before they set out to preach the Gospel.

• Fast of the Prophets: Also known as the Advent Fast, this 43-day period leads up to Christmas (Gena). It is a time of preparation for the celebration of the birth of Jesus.

• Fast of Nineveh: This three-day fast commemorates the repentance of the city of Nineveh at the preaching of Jonah, as described in the Old Testament.

• Fast of the Virgin Mary: Lasting 15 days in August, this fast honors the Virgin Mary. Participants abstain from meat and dairy products.

• Wednesday and Friday Fasts: Most Wednesdays and Fridays throughout the year are observed as fast days, commemorating the betrayal of Christ and his crucifixion.

Fasting Practices

During fasting periods, followers of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church abstain from eating meat, dairy products, and eggs. They also refrain from consuming any food or drink from midnight until 3 pm the following day, though variations exist based on one's health, age, and life circumstances. The emphasis is on maintaining a spirit of humility, prayer, and repentance throughout the fast.

Spiritual Significance

Fasting in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church is not merely a physical exercise but a spiritual journey. It is a time for prayer, meditation, and attending church services. The faithful are encouraged to read the Bible and engage in acts of charity. The ultimate goal of fasting is to strengthen one's relationship with God and to purify the body and soul.

Conclusion

Fasting and abstinence are integral to the faith practice of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. These periods of fasting are times of spiritual renewal and reflection, allowing believers to grow closer to God and to practice the virtues of humility, self-control, and compassion. Through fasting, the faithful are reminded of the importance of spiritual nourishment and the value of sacrifice in their walk with God.