Ferroquine

Ferroquine (also known as SSR97193) is an antimalarial drug that is currently under development. It is a derivative of chloroquine, with a ferrocene group attached to the 4-aminoquinoline core. This modification is intended to overcome chloroquine resistance in malaria parasites.

Chemistry

Ferroquine is a 4-aminoquinoline, similar to chloroquine, but with a ferrocene group attached. The ferrocene group is a sandwich compound consisting of two cyclopentadienyl rings sandwiching an iron atom. This group is responsible for the redox activity of ferroquine, which is believed to contribute to its antimalarial activity.

Mechanism of action

The exact mechanism of action of ferroquine is not fully understood, but it is believed to interfere with the digestion of hemoglobin by the malaria parasite. The ferrocene group is thought to generate reactive oxygen species that damage the parasite's digestive vacuole. This is similar to the mechanism of action of chloroquine, but the addition of the ferrocene group is intended to overcome resistance to chloroquine.

Clinical trials

Ferroquine has been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of malaria. In a phase II trial, it was found to be effective in treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria, including cases that were resistant to chloroquine. Further trials are needed to confirm these results and to determine the optimal dosing regimen.

Safety

The safety profile of ferroquine is not yet fully known, as it is still in development. However, in clinical trials to date, it has been generally well tolerated. The most common side effects reported have been mild and transient, including nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

See also

• Antimalarial medication
• Drug resistance in malaria
• Malaria vaccine