Fetotomy

Fetotomy is a veterinary surgical procedure used to extract a dead fetus from the uterus of a cow or other large animal. This procedure is typically performed when natural delivery is not possible and aims to minimize trauma to the dam. Fetotomy is often considered when the fetus is too large, malformed, or improperly positioned for a safe delivery.

Procedure

Fetotomy involves the dissection of the fetus into smaller parts to facilitate its removal through the birth canal. The procedure is performed using specialized instruments such as fetotomes, wire saws, and hooks. The process can be divided into partial fetotomy, where only a part of the fetus is removed, and complete fetotomy, where the entire fetus is disarticulated and removed in pieces.

Indications

Fetotomy is indicated in cases of:

• Dystocia due to fetal oversize
• Fetal malformations such as schistosomus reflexus
• Incorrect fetal positioning that cannot be corrected manually
• Prolonged labor where the fetus has died and cannot be delivered naturally

Instruments

The primary instruments used in fetotomy include:

• Fetotome: A specialized instrument used to guide the wire saw around the fetus.
• Wire saw: A flexible saw used to cut through fetal tissues and bones.
• Hooks and snares: Used to grasp and manipulate fetal parts during the procedure.

Techniques

There are several techniques for performing a fetotomy, including:

• Subcutaneous fetotomy: Involves making incisions under the skin to disarticulate the fetus.
• Per os fetotomy: Performed through the mouth of the fetus to remove the head or other parts.
• Per vaginam fetotomy: Conducted through the birth canal, often used for removing the limbs or head.

Complications

While fetotomy can be a life-saving procedure for the dam, it carries potential risks and complications, such as:

• Uterine trauma or perforation
• Infection
• Hemorrhage
• Retained fetal parts

Aftercare

Post-operative care is crucial to ensure the health and recovery of the dam. This includes:

• Administration of antibiotics to prevent infection
• Monitoring for signs of uterine infection or other complications
• Providing supportive care such as fluids and pain management

Related Pages

• Dystocia
• Veterinary surgery
• Obstetrics
• Cattle

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