Figure skating

2019 Grand Prix Final - Yuzuru Hanyu FS (5)

Figure skating

Figure-skates-2

Bundesarchiv Bild 183-79630-0003, Bodo Bockenauer

Figure skating edges

Figure skating is a sport and art that involves individuals, duos, or groups performing on ice using figure skates. It is characterized by the execution of spins, jumps, and footwork on ice, often set to music. Figure skating is governed internationally by the International Skating Union (ISU), which oversees competitive skating disciplines including men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance.

History

The origins of figure skating trace back to the prehistoric times when people used bones to glide on ice. However, the sport as it is known today began to take shape in the 19th century. The first organized skating club, the Edinburgh Skating Club, was formed in the 1740s in Scotland. Figure skating gained popularity in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with the establishment of the ISU in 1892, which initially governed figure skating and speed skating.

Competitions and Championships

Figure skating competitions consist of various segments, including short programs, free skates, and ice dances, judged on technical elements and artistic expression. The most prestigious competitions in figure skating include the Winter Olympic Games, the World Figure Skating Championships, the European Figure Skating Championships, and the Four Continents Figure Skating Championships. Skaters also compete in national championships and the ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating series.

Scoring System

The current scoring system, known as the International Judging System (IJS), was implemented by the ISU in 2004 to replace the previous 6.0 system. The IJS is more objective and detailed, providing separate scores for technical elements (jumps, spins, and footwork) and program components (skating skills, transitions, performance, composition, and interpretation of the music).

Notable Skaters

Throughout its history, figure skating has seen many notable skaters who have left a significant impact on the sport. These include Sonja Henie, who popularized the sport with her Olympic and World Championship victories in the 1920s and 1930s; Dick Button, known for being the first skater to land a double axel and a triple loop; and more recent champions like Yuzuru Hanyu of Japan, known for his Olympic victories and world records, and Alina Zagitova of Russia, the 2018 Olympic champion in women's singles.

Cultural Impact

Figure skating has a significant cultural impact, with its blend of athleticism and artistry appealing to a wide audience. It has been featured in films, television shows, and literature, often highlighting the sport's beauty and the dedication of its athletes. The sport has also played a role in advancing discussions on gender norms and athleticism, given its unique combination of strength, flexibility, and performance art.

See Also

• Ice skating
• Winter sports
• Olympic Games