Flannel

Flannel Shirt For Abi

Washer Woman skirt 1957 by Sybil Connolly

Flannel is a soft woven fabric of various fineness. Flannel was originally made from wool, but is now often made from either wool, cotton, or synthetic fiber. The fabric is known for its softness and warmth, making it a popular choice for clothing intended for use in cold weather. Flannel is commonly used to make tartan clothing, blankets, bed sheets, and sleepwear.

History

The term "flannel" may derive from the Welsh word "gwlanen", which means woolen cloth. Flannel has a rich history, with its origins tracing back to the 17th century in Wales, where it was a popular fabric among farmers and workers due to its warmth and durability. The production of flannel expanded during the Industrial Revolution with the advent of mechanized weaving, making the fabric more accessible to the general public.

Manufacturing Process

The manufacturing of flannel involves a process known as napping. This process gives the fabric its characteristic softness. After the fabric is woven, it is brushed with metal brushes to raise fine fibers from the loosely spun yarns to form a plush nap. This can be performed on one or both sides of the fabric, depending on the desired finish. The quality of flannel is often determined by the weight of the fabric, with heavier flannel being considered higher quality.

Types of Flannel

There are several types of flannel, including:

• Cotton Flannel: Made from cotton, this type of flannel is lighter than wool flannel and is often used for clothing and bedding.
• Wool Flannel: This type retains the traditional manufacturing process, using wool to create a warm and durable fabric.
• Synthetic Flannel: Made from synthetic materials, this type of flannel offers the warmth and softness of traditional flannel but at a lower cost and with higher durability.
• Baby Flannel: A softer and finer variant of flannel, it is used for making baby clothes and accessories due to its gentle touch on sensitive skin.

Uses

Flannel's primary use is in clothing, particularly in items designed for warmth, such as pajamas, sweaters, scarves, and hats. It is also used in bedding products, including sheets and blankets, to provide warmth during colder months. Additionally, flannel can be found in household items like cleaning cloths due to its soft texture and absorbency.

Cultural Significance

Flannel has played a significant role in various cultures, particularly in the United States during the 1990s, where it became associated with the grunge music scene. It has also been a staple in outdoor and workwear, symbolizing ruggedness and reliability.

Care and Maintenance

Flannel requires proper care to maintain its softness and prevent shrinkage. It is recommended to wash flannel in cold water and tumble dry on low heat. Avoiding high temperatures and direct heat can help preserve the fabric's texture and prevent pilling.