Foam cells

Foam cells are a type of macrophage that have ingested lipids, giving them a foamy appearance. They are primarily found in atherosclerotic plaque, which is a buildup of fatty deposits on the inner walls of arteries. Foam cells play a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis, a disease that can lead to heart attack and stroke.

Formation

Foam cells are formed when macrophages take in lipids through a process called phagocytosis. The lipids are then stored in the macrophage's cytoplasm, giving it a foamy appearance. This process is facilitated by lipoproteins, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL).

Role in Atherosclerosis

Foam cells contribute to the development of atherosclerosis by accumulating in the arterial wall and forming fatty streaks. These streaks can eventually harden and narrow the artery, a condition known as atherosclerosis. This can restrict blood flow and lead to heart attack or stroke.

Treatment and Prevention

The formation of foam cells can be reduced by maintaining healthy levels of cholesterol and other lipids in the blood. This can be achieved through a healthy diet, regular exercise, and medication if necessary. In some cases, surgical procedures may be required to remove or reduce the size of atherosclerotic plaques.

See Also

• Macrophage
• Atherosclerosis
• Heart attack
• Stroke

Foam cells Resources
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