Follicular unit transplantation

Follicular Unit Transplantation (FUT) is a type of hair transplantation technique used to treat hair loss and baldness. This surgical procedure involves the removal of a strip of scalp from the back of the head, where hair is more resistant to balding, and then extracting individual follicular units to be transplanted to the balding areas. The technique is distinguished from other forms of hair transplantation by its method of extracting the donor hair. It is also known as strip harvesting.

Procedure

The FUT procedure is performed under local anesthesia. It begins with the surgical removal of a strip of scalp from the donor area, which is typically the back of the head. This strip is then meticulously dissected under a microscope into individual follicular units, each containing 1 to 4 hairs. The recipient sites, where the hair will be transplanted, are then created using fine needles or micro blades. Finally, the follicular units are carefully placed into these sites.

Advantages

FUT allows for the transplantation of a large number of grafts in a single session, making it an efficient method for achieving significant hair restoration. The technique also preserves the follicular units' integrity, ensuring a natural-looking result. Additionally, since the follicular units are harvested from a strip of scalp, there is a linear scar, but it is typically concealed by the patient's existing hair.

Disadvantages

The main disadvantage of FUT is the linear scar left in the donor area. This may limit the patient's hairstyle options, particularly for those who prefer very short haircuts. There is also a longer recovery period compared to less invasive methods like Follicular Unit Extraction (FUE).

Comparison with FUE

Follicular Unit Extraction (FUE) is another popular hair transplantation technique. Unlike FUT, FUE involves extracting individual follicular units directly from the scalp without removing a strip of tissue. This results in less scarring and a shorter recovery time. However, FUE is more time-consuming and may not be suitable for patients requiring a large number of grafts.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, FUT carries risks such as infection, bleeding, and scarring. There is also the possibility of graft failure, where the transplanted hair does not take root and grow. Proper post-operative care and following the surgeon's instructions can minimize these risks.

Post-operative Care

After the procedure, patients may experience swelling, bruising, and discomfort in the treated areas. Pain medication and antibiotics may be prescribed to manage pain and prevent infection. Patients are typically advised to avoid strenuous activities and direct sunlight exposure to the scalp for several weeks.

Conclusion

Follicular Unit Transplantation is a proven and effective method for restoring hair in people suffering from hair loss. While it has certain disadvantages, such as scarring and a longer recovery period, it offers a permanent solution for hair restoration. Patients considering FUT should consult with a qualified hair restoration specialist to determine if it is the right option for them.