Forty-nine

Forty-nine (49) is the natural number following 48 and preceding 50. It is a significant number in various fields, including mathematics, science, and culture.

Mathematics

Forty-nine is a composite number and a perfect square, being 7 squared (7 × 7). It is the smallest number with exactly three divisors: 1, 7, and 49.

Properties

• 49 is a square number, as it is the product of 7 multiplied by itself.
• It is a centered octagonal number.
• 49 is a happy number, meaning that repeatedly summing the squares of its digits eventually leads to 1.
• It is a Størmer number, as the greatest prime factor of 49² + 1 = 2402 is 601, which is more than twice 49.

Mathematical Significance

In modular arithmetic, 49 is congruent to 1 modulo 7, which means it leaves a remainder of 1 when divided by 7. This property is useful in various calculations involving modular systems.

Science

In the field of chemistry, 49 is the atomic number of indium, a post-transition metal that is used in various alloys and in the production of indium tin oxide, a material used in touch screens and liquid crystal displays.

Culture

The number 49 holds cultural significance in various traditions and practices.

Religion and Mythology

• In Buddhism, 49 days is the traditional mourning period following a death, during which prayers and rituals are performed to aid the deceased's journey to the afterlife.
• The number 49 is significant in the Jubilee cycle in the Hebrew Bible, where every 49 years, a year of Jubilee is proclaimed, marking a time of liberation and restoration.

Games and Entertainment

• In the game of Sudoku, a 7x7 grid contains 49 squares.
• The number 49 is often used in lottery games, such as the "6/49" format, where players choose 6 numbers from a pool of 49.

Sports

• The San Francisco 49ers are a professional American football team named after the California Gold Rush of 1849.

Other Uses

• In geography, the 49th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 49 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It is significant as it forms part of the border between the United States and Canada.

See Also

• List of numbers
• Mathematics
• Science
• Culture

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