Temporal fossa

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Temporal fossa

The temporal fossa is a shallow depression on the side of the skull bounded by the temporal lines and terminating below the level of the zygomatic arch. It is an important anatomical feature in the study of the human skull and is involved in the attachment of several muscles and structures.

Anatomy

The temporal fossa is located on the lateral aspect of the skull and is bounded superiorly and posteriorly by the superior and inferior temporal lines, anteriorly by the frontal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the frontal bone, and inferiorly by the zygomatic arch. The floor of the temporal fossa is formed by parts of four bones: the parietal bone, the frontal bone, the temporal bone, and the sphenoid bone.

Contents

The temporal fossa contains the temporalis muscle, which is a broad, fan-shaped muscle that occupies much of the fossa. The temporalis muscle is involved in the elevation and retraction of the mandible (jawbone). The temporal fossa also contains the deep temporal nerves and vessels, which supply the temporalis muscle.

Function

The primary function of the temporal fossa is to provide space for the temporalis muscle, which plays a crucial role in the movement of the mandible. This muscle is essential for mastication (chewing) and is one of the main muscles involved in the closing of the jaw.

Clinical Significance

Injuries or conditions affecting the temporal fossa can impact the function of the temporalis muscle and, consequently, the ability to chew and move the jaw. Conditions such as temporal arteritis or trauma to the temporal region can lead to pain and dysfunction in this area.

See Also

• Temporalis muscle
• Zygomatic arch
• Mandible
• Temporal bone
• Mastication