Fractured jaw

Fractured Jaw

A fractured jaw is a break in one or more of the bones that make up the jaw. The human jaw consists of two main parts: the upper jaw, or maxilla, and the lower jaw, or mandible. Fractures can occur in either part but are more common in the mandible. Jaw fractures are serious injuries that can affect a person's ability to eat, speak, and breathe.

Causes

Fractured jaws are most commonly caused by physical trauma. This can include:

• Vehicle accidents
• Sports injuries
• Falls
• Physical assaults
• Industrial accidents

Symptoms

Symptoms of a fractured jaw can vary depending on the severity and location of the fracture but may include:

• Pain in the jaw
• Swelling and bruising
• Difficulty opening the mouth
• Misalignment of the teeth
• Numbness in the chin or lower lip (indicating nerve damage)
• Bleeding from the mouth

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a fractured jaw typically involves a physical examination and imaging tests. The most common imaging tests used are:

• X-rays
• Computed tomography (CT) scan

These tests help to determine the location and extent of the fracture.

Treatment

Treatment for a fractured jaw depends on the severity of the fracture. Options include:

• Pain management with medications
• Dietary modifications to soft or liquid foods
• Surgery to realign and fixate the bones
• Wiring the jaw shut for certain fractures to ensure proper healing

Complications

If not properly treated, a fractured jaw can lead to complications such as:

• Infection
• Misalignment of teeth
• Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ)
• Permanent nerve damage

Prevention

Preventing jaw fractures involves taking precautions to avoid facial injuries. This can include:

• Wearing seat belts in vehicles
• Using protective gear during sports
• Taking care when walking on slippery surfaces

See Also

• Maxillofacial trauma
• Bone fracture
• Temporomandibular joint dysfunction