Free Radicals

Free Radicals are atoms, molecules, or ions with unpaired electrons on an otherwise open shell configuration. These unpaired electrons are usually highly reactive, which can be harmful to the body. Free radicals can be formed through natural human physiological processes as well as from the environment. They can lead to cell damage, contributing to aging and disease.

Formation of Free Radicals

Free radicals can be formed in several ways, including during the process of oxidation in the body. They can also be produced through environmental factors such as exposure to radiation, tobacco smoke, and certain chemical reactions.

Effects of Free Radicals

Free radicals can cause damage to parts of cells such as proteins, DNA, and cell membranes by stealing their electrons through a process called oxidation. This damage can lead to cells functioning poorly or dying, contributing to aging and disease.

Antioxidants and Free Radicals

Antioxidants are molecules that can donate an electron to a free radical without making themselves unstable. This causes the free radical to become stable and less likely to cause cell damage.

Diseases Associated with Free Radicals

Free radicals have been associated with a number of diseases including cancer, heart disease, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and arthritis. They have also been linked to aging.

See Also

• Oxidative stress
• Reactive oxygen species
• Antioxidants
• Oxidation

References

Free Radicals Resources
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