Free radical

Free radicals are atoms, molecules, or ions with unpaired electrons on an otherwise open shell configuration. These unpaired electrons are usually highly reactive, which can be harmful to the body. Free radicals can be formed in a number of ways, including through normal metabolic processes or through exposure to certain environmental factors such as radiation or pollution.

Formation of Free Radicals

Free radicals can be formed in a number of ways. One of the most common ways is through the normal metabolic processes of the body. For example, the body's cells produce free radicals as a byproduct of converting food into energy. Other ways that free radicals can be formed include through exposure to certain environmental factors such as radiation or pollution.

Effects of Free Radicals

Free radicals can cause damage to parts of cells such as proteins, DNA, and cell membranes by stealing their electrons through a process called oxidation. This damage can lead to a number of health problems including cancer, heart disease, and Alzheimer's disease.

Antioxidants and Free Radicals

Antioxidants are substances that can prevent or slow damage to cells caused by free radicals. They do this by giving one of their own electrons to the free radical, thereby neutralizing it. Antioxidants can be found in many foods, including fruits and vegetables, as well as in certain vitamins such as vitamin C and vitamin E.

See Also

• Oxidative stress
• Reactive oxygen species
• Antioxidant

Free radical Resources
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