Fumble

Fumble

A fumble is a term used in various sports to describe an accidental loss of control of the ball. It is most commonly associated with American football, but the concept exists in other sports as well.

American Football

In American football, a fumble occurs when a player who has possession and control of the ball loses it before being downed or scoring. The ball can be recovered by either team, leading to a change of possession if the opposing team recovers it. Fumbles can occur in various situations, such as during a run, a pass, or a snap.

Causes

Fumbles can be caused by:

• A hard hit from a defensive player
• Poor ball handling
• Weather conditions, such as rain or snow
• Miscommunication between players

Recovery

When a fumble occurs, both teams have the opportunity to recover the ball. The team that recovers the fumble gains possession. If the offensive team recovers the ball, they retain possession but may lose yardage. If the defensive team recovers the ball, it is considered a turnover, and they gain possession.

Rules

The rules regarding fumbles can vary depending on the level of play (e.g., NFL, college football, high school football). Generally, a fumble is considered live until it is recovered or goes out of bounds. If the ball goes out of bounds, possession is awarded to the team that last had control of the ball.

Other Sports

While the term "fumble" is most commonly associated with American football, similar concepts exist in other sports:

Rugby

In rugby, a fumble is often referred to as a "knock-on." It occurs when a player loses control of the ball and it goes forward, resulting in a scrum awarded to the opposing team.

Basketball

In basketball, a fumble can occur when a player loses control of the ball while dribbling or passing. Unlike in football, the game does not stop for a fumble, and play continues until the ball is recovered or goes out of bounds.

Impact on the Game

Fumbles can significantly impact the outcome of a game. A well-timed fumble recovery by the defense can shift momentum and provide an opportunity for the opposing team to score. Conversely, a fumble by the offense can stall a drive and result in a loss of scoring opportunity.

Famous Fumbles

Several fumbles have become famous in the history of American football due to their impact on important games. Some of these include:

• The "Miracle at the Meadowlands" in 1978
• The "Holy Roller" play in 1978
• The "Butt Fumble" in 2012

See Also

• Turnover (American football)
• Interception
• Ball security
• Scrum (rugby)
• Dribbling