Fusarium graminearum

Fusarium graminearum is a fungal species within the Fusarium genus. It is a significant pathogen of cereal crops, causing diseases such as Fusarium head blight and Gibberella ear rot.

Taxonomy

Fusarium graminearum belongs to the Fusarium graminearum species complex, a group of closely related and morphologically similar species. It is classified under the kingdom Fungi, phylum Ascomycota, class Sordariomycetes, order Hypocreales, and family Nectriaceae.

Morphology

Fusarium graminearum is characterized by its crescent-shaped macroconidia, which are typically produced on sporodochia. The fungus also produces microconidia and chlamydospores, contributing to its survival and spread.

Pathogenicity

Fusarium graminearum is a major pathogen of cereal crops, including wheat, barley, and maize. It causes diseases such as Fusarium head blight and Gibberella ear rot, leading to significant yield losses. The fungus produces mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol and zearalenone, which are harmful to both humans and animals.

Management

Management of Fusarium graminearum involves a combination of cultural practices, crop rotation, use of resistant varieties, and fungicide application. However, the fungus's ability to survive in soil and crop residues poses a significant challenge to control efforts.

See also

• Fusarium culmorum
• Fusarium oxysporum
• Fusarium wilt