GABA transaminase inhibitor

GABA transaminase inhibitor is a type of drug that inhibits the action of GABA transaminase, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and its activity is crucial for maintaining the balance between excitation and inhibition in the brain.

Mechanism of Action

GABA transaminase inhibitors work by blocking the action of GABA transaminase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down GABA in the brain. This results in an increase in the levels of GABA, which in turn enhances its inhibitory effect on neuronal activity. This mechanism of action is exploited in the treatment of various neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as epilepsy, anxiety disorders, and certain types of chronic pain.

Clinical Use

GABA transaminase inhibitors are used in the treatment of a variety of conditions where increased GABA activity is beneficial. These include:

• Epilepsy: GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, and increasing its activity can help to control seizures.
• Anxiety disorders: Increased GABA activity can have a calming effect, which can be beneficial in the treatment of anxiety disorders.
• Chronic pain: Some forms of chronic pain can be alleviated by increasing GABA activity.

Examples

Examples of GABA transaminase inhibitors include Vigabatrin and Gabaculine. Vigabatrin is used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy, while Gabaculine is a naturally occurring GABA transaminase inhibitor found in certain bacteria.

Side Effects

Like all drugs, GABA transaminase inhibitors can have side effects. These can include drowsiness, fatigue, and in some cases, more serious neurological effects such as psychosis or hallucinations. It is important for patients to discuss potential side effects with their healthcare provider before starting treatment.

See Also

• GABA receptor agonist
• GABA reuptake inhibitor
• GABAergic