GGT1

GGT1 (Gamma-glutamyltransferase 1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GGT1 gene. It is a membrane-bound protein that catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl functional group of glutathione to a variety of acceptor molecules. The enzyme plays a key role in the gamma-glutamyl cycle, a pathway for the synthesis and degradation of glutathione and drug and xenobiotic detoxification. Other forms of gamma-glutamyltransferase are known and they are all encoded by different genes.

Function

GGT1 is a cell-surface enzyme that cleaves the peptide bond of the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione, allowing the molecule to enter cells. It is therefore essential for the antioxidant defense of cells against reactive oxygen species. The enzyme is also involved in the metabolism and detoxification of xenobiotics and drugs.

Clinical significance

Elevated levels of GGT1 in the blood can indicate liver disease, alcohol abuse, or other conditions. The enzyme is also a marker for oxidative stress. Mutations in the GGT1 gene can cause glutathionuria, a rare inborn error of glutathione metabolism.

See also

• Gamma-glutamyltransferase
• Glutathione
• Glutathionuria

External links

• GGT1 at GeneCards

GGT1 Resources
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