TNFRSF18

TNFRSF18 (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 18), also known as GITR (Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related protein), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFRSF18 gene. This gene is part of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses.

Function

TNFRSF18 is primarily expressed on the surface of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and activated T lymphocytes. It is involved in the modulation of immune system functions, particularly in the context of autoimmunity and inflammation. The interaction of TNFRSF18 with its ligand, GITRL (Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related Ligand), can lead to the activation of NF-kB and MAPK pathways, promoting T cell proliferation and survival.

Clinical Significance

The TNFRSF18-GITRL interaction has been implicated in various autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. It is also being studied for its potential role in cancer immunotherapy, as modulating this pathway could enhance anti-tumor immune responses.

Research

Research on TNFRSF18 is ongoing to better understand its role in immune regulation and its potential as a therapeutic target. Studies are exploring the use of agonistic antibodies to stimulate TNFRSF18, which could enhance the immune system's ability to fight cancer and chronic infections.

See Also

• Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily
• Regulatory T cell
• Autoimmune disease
• Cancer immunotherapy

External Links

• TNFRSF18 Gene - NCBI
• TNFRSF18 Protein - UniProt