GPR155

GPR155 is a gene that encodes the G Protein-Coupled Receptor 155 in humans. This receptor is part of the large G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, which plays a critical role in signal transduction across cell membranes, affecting various physiological processes.

Function

GPR155 is involved in the regulation of several physiological functions, although the specific mechanisms and pathways remain under investigation. Like other GPCRs, it is believed to work by interacting with G proteins to transmit signals from extracellular molecules to the inside of the cell, initiating various cellular responses. Research suggests that GPR155 may have roles in neurological disorders, immune system regulation, and possibly in the development and function of the central nervous system.

Genetic and Molecular Aspects

The GPR155 gene is located on human chromosome 2, encompassing a significant number of exons and a large genomic sequence. The protein encoded by this gene has multiple transmembrane domains, a hallmark of GPCRs, which allow it to span the cell membrane and interact with molecules both inside and outside the cell.

Clinical Significance

While the full clinical significance of GPR155 is still being uncovered, preliminary studies suggest it may have implications in various diseases. Its expression and function in the brain hint at potential roles in neurological conditions, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia. Additionally, because GPCRs are involved in numerous physiological processes, GPR155 could be a target for therapeutic interventions in diseases where these pathways are dysregulated.

Research Directions

Current research on GPR155 is focused on elucidating its exact physiological roles and mechanisms of action. This includes studies on its expression patterns in different tissues, its regulation, and how it interacts with other cellular components. Understanding these aspects is crucial for developing targeted therapies that could modulate GPR155's activity in disease states.

See Also

• G protein-coupled receptor
• Signal transduction
• Neurological disorders
• Human chromosome 2