Galvanic shock

Galvanic shock is a phenomenon that occurs when two different or dissimilar metals come into contact in the mouth, in the presence of an electrolyte, such as saliva, creating a galvanic cell that generates an electric current. This can lead to a sharp, sudden pain. Galvanic shock is most commonly experienced in dentistry, when dental fillings made of different metals are placed in opposing or adjacent teeth.

Causes

The primary cause of galvanic shock is the creation of a galvanic cell in the mouth. This happens when two dissimilar metals, such as silver and gold, or amalgam and gold fillings, are used in dental restorations that are close enough to each other. Saliva acts as the electrolyte, allowing the transfer of electrons from one metal to the other, thus generating an electric current.

Symptoms

The most notable symptom of galvanic shock is a sharp, electrical-like pain that occurs when the metals come into contact. This can happen during chewing or if the tongue or another object bridges the two different metals. The sensation is usually brief but can be quite discomforting.

Prevention and Treatment

To prevent galvanic shock, dentists may avoid using restorations made from dissimilar metals in the same or adjacent teeth. If a patient experiences galvanic shock, the dentist may recommend replacing one of the metallic restorations with a material that does not conduct electricity, such as composite resin or ceramic.

See Also

• Dental amalgam controversy
• Dental restoration
• Electrogalvanism