Garvagliptin
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Garvagliptin is a pharmaceutical drug that belongs to the class of medications known as DPP-4 inhibitors. These drugs are primarily used in the management of type 2 diabetes to improve glycemic control.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Garvagliptin works by inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4, which is responsible for the degradation of incretin hormones such as GLP-1 and GIP. These hormones are released in response to meals and help to regulate blood glucose levels by increasing insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon release. By inhibiting DPP-4, garvagliptin prolongs the action of incretin hormones, thereby enhancing insulin secretion and lowering blood glucose levels.
Pharmacokinetics[edit | edit source]
Garvagliptin is administered orally and is absorbed into the bloodstream. The pharmacokinetic profile of garvagliptin includes its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through the kidneys. The half-life of garvagliptin allows for once-daily dosing, which is convenient for patients.
Clinical Use[edit | edit source]
Garvagliptin is indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in adults. It is often used in combination with other antidiabetic agents such as Metformin or Sulfonylureas when diet and exercise alone do not provide adequate glycemic control. The drug is not indicated for use in patients with type 1 diabetes or for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.
Adverse Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of garvagliptin include nasopharyngitis, headache, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Rare but serious adverse effects may include pancreatitis and hypersensitivity reactions. Patients should be monitored for signs of pancreatitis and other serious side effects.
Contraindications[edit | edit source]
Garvagliptin is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components. Caution is advised in patients with renal impairment, as dose adjustments may be necessary.
Research and Development[edit | edit source]
Garvagliptin is currently undergoing clinical trials to further evaluate its efficacy and safety profile. Ongoing research is focused on its long-term effects and potential benefits in various subpopulations of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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