Glenohumeral ligaments

Glenohumeral ligaments (GHL) are three ligaments on the anterior side of the glenohumeral joint (shoulder joint) that help stabilize the joint. These ligaments are named the superior, middle, and inferior glenohumeral ligaments.

Etymology

The term "glenohumeral" is derived from "gleno-", meaning socket, and "humeral", meaning of the humerus. The term "ligament" comes from Latin "ligamentum", meaning "a band".

Anatomy

The superior glenohumeral ligament (SGHL) originates from the superior glenoid tubercle and the labrum, and inserts on the anatomical neck of the humerus. The middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL) originates from the labrum and the glenoid neck, and inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerus. The inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) is the most complex and originates from the labrum and the glenoid neck, and inserts on the anatomical neck of the humerus.

Function

The glenohumeral ligaments serve to stabilize the glenohumeral joint. They prevent excessive movement of the joint, thus preventing dislocation. The SGHL resists inferior and anterior translation in adduction. The MGHL resists anterior translation in mid-range abduction, while the IGHL resists anterior and inferior translation in abduction.

Clinical significance

Injury to the glenohumeral ligaments can result in instability of the shoulder joint, leading to conditions such as glenohumeral instability and shoulder dislocation. Treatment may involve physiotherapy, medication, or surgery, depending on the severity of the injury.

See also

• Glenohumeral joint
• Glenohumeral instability
• Shoulder dislocation

References

Glenohumeral ligaments Resources
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