Gomphidius glutinosus

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Gomphidius glutinosus, commonly known as the slimy spike-cap, is a species of mushroom belonging to the family Gomphidiaceae. This fungus is notable for its distinctive slimy cap and its symbiotic relationship with coniferous trees, particularly species of pine and spruce. It is found in various parts of North America and Europe, thriving in coniferous forests where it forms mycorrhizal associations with the roots of trees, aiding in nutrient exchange.

Description

Gomphidius glutinosus features a cap that ranges from 5 to 15 cm in diameter, initially convex before flattening out with age. The cap's surface is notably slimy or glutinous, especially when wet, varying in color from pinkish to brownish-gray. The gills are decurrent, running down the stem, and start out white before turning gray to black as the spores mature. The stem is also slimy, white to gray in color, and typically measures 5 to 10 cm in height. This species produces a black spore print, with the spores being smooth and ellipsoid in shape.

Habitat and Distribution

Gomphidius glutinosus is predominantly found in coniferous forests, forming symbiotic mycorrhizal relationships with the roots of pine and spruce trees. This mutualistic association is crucial for the nutrient exchange between the fungus and its host tree. The species is widely distributed across North America and Europe, favoring cool, moist environments.

Ecology

The slimy spike-cap plays a significant role in the forest ecosystem. As a mycorrhizal fungus, it helps in the nutrient cycling process, facilitating the transfer of minerals and water from the soil to the trees. In return, it receives carbohydrates produced by the tree through photosynthesis. This ecological relationship enhances the growth and health of both the fungus and the forest.

Culinary and Medicinal Use

While Gomphidius glutinosus is not considered toxic, its slimy texture makes it less appealing as a culinary mushroom. There are no well-documented medicinal uses of this species, and it is generally not sought after for consumption.

Conservation

There are currently no major conservation concerns for Gomphidius glutinosus, as it is relatively widespread and common in its natural habitat. However, like many forest-dwelling species, it could be indirectly affected by deforestation and the loss of coniferous forests due to human activities or climate change.

See Also

• Mycorrhiza
• Coniferous forest
• Fungi of North America
• Fungi of Europe

Gomphidius glutinosus
Mycological characteristics
	gills on hymenium