Gram negative

Gram-negative bacteria are a group of bacteria that are classified by the color they turn after a chemical process called Gram staining is used on them. Gram-negative bacteria stain red when this process is used. Other types of bacteria, called Gram-positive bacteria, stain blue.

Characteristics

Gram-negative bacteria have a thin layer of peptidoglycan, a sugar and amino acid substance that provides a supportive net-like structure. This thin layer is located between an inner cell membrane and an outer cell membrane. The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is often associated with endotoxins that can cause fever, inflammation, shock, and other symptoms.

Examples

Examples of Gram-negative bacteria include Escherichia coli, which can cause food poisoning and urinary tract infections, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which causes gonorrhea. Other examples include Salmonella, Shigella, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Treatment

Gram-negative bacteria are more resistant to antibiotics than Gram-positive bacteria. This is because their outer membrane acts as a barrier, protecting them from substances that could harm them, including antibiotics. However, certain antibiotics, such as aminoglycosides and quinolones, can treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

See also

• Gram-positive bacteria
• Bacteria
• Antibiotics
• Endotoxins

Gram negative Resources
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