Greave

Greaves Denda - Inv 4330 (Staatliche Antikensammlungen, Munich, Germany)-transparent

Pair of Greaves (Lower Leg Defenses) MET DP-13125-029

Urnfield greave

Greek - Left Greave - Walters 542336 - Three Quarter Left

Sepoltura principesca di agighiol, paramento in argento, 350-300 ac. ca. 01

Greaves are pieces of armor that protect the lower legs of the wearer. Historically, greaves were used by soldiers in various cultures around the world, including the ancient Greeks, Romans, and medieval Europeans. They are typically made from materials such as metal, leather, or padded cloth, depending on the period and the economic status of the wearer. Greaves can be part of a full suit of plate armor or worn on their own to protect against lower leg injuries in combat.

History

The use of greaves can be traced back to ancient civilizations. The Ancient Greeks were among the first to use bronze greaves as part of their hoplite soldiers' military equipment. These greaves were often highly decorated and custom-fitted to the wearer. The Romans also adopted the use of greaves, especially among their legionaries and cavalry units. In the Middle Ages, greaves became a standard component of knightly armor, evolving with the advancements in armor technology and design.

Design and Materials

Early greaves were made from thick leather or padded cloth for those who could not afford metal armor. As metalworking techniques improved, bronze and eventually iron and steel became the preferred materials for greaves due to their superior protection against weapons. Greaves typically cover the front of the leg, from the knee to the ankle, and are secured with leather straps or metal buckles. Some designs also included a back piece to offer additional protection.

Types

There are several types of greaves, including:

- Simple Greaves: Cover only the front of the leg and are secured with straps at the back. - Closed Greaves: Encase the entire lower leg in metal, offering more comprehensive protection. - Splint Greaves: Consist of vertical metal strips on a leather backing, providing a balance between protection and flexibility.

Usage

In combat, greaves protect the lower legs from slashes, blunt force, and projectiles. They are particularly important for infantry soldiers who are vulnerable to attacks on their lower bodies. In tournaments and jousting, knights wore greaves as part of their ceremonial and combat armor. Today, greaves are used in historical reenactments, by collectors of medieval armor, and in some modern martial arts that focus on historical techniques.

Cultural Significance

Greaves not only served a practical purpose in protection but also had cultural and symbolic significance. In ancient Greece, for example, greaves were a sign of status and were often elaborately decorated with scenes from mythology and battle. They were also awarded as prizes in athletic competitions, symbolizing strength and valor.

Modern Usage

In modern times, the concept of greaves has been adapted for use in various sports and activities that require lower leg protection, such as soccer, cricket, and motorcycle riding. While these modern "greaves" are made from materials like plastic and composite fibers, they serve a similar protective purpose.

See Also

• Armor
• Plate armor
• Military equipment of the ancient Greek hoplite
• Roman military personal equipment