Griffin

MIK - Sassaniden Greifenschale

Knossos fresco in throne palace

Abderacoin

Jam-sasani

Bronzen griffioen ForumHadriani 198894 RMO Leiden

Griffin (or griffon or gryphon) is a mythical creature with the body, tail, and back legs of a lion – the king of beasts – and the head and wings of an eagle – the king of birds. Traditionally, the griffin is portrayed as a guardian of treasure and priceless possessions. In antiquity, griffins were a symbol of divine power and a guardian of the divine. The concept of the griffin has its origins in ancient Near Eastern and Mediterranean cultures, including that of the Ancient Egyptians, Persians, and Greeks.

Etymology

The word "griffin" is derived from the Greek word γρύψ (grýps), which originally may have meant 'curved' or 'hooked'. This could refer to the beak of the eagle or the claws of a lion. Over time, the term evolved in various languages to denote the mythical creature known today.

Description

Griffins are depicted with a lion's body to symbolize strength and courage, and an eagle's head to represent wisdom and vigilance. This combination makes the griffin a powerful and majestic creature. They are often shown with large wings, sometimes with the tips pointing upwards, adding to their imposing presence. The ears may be those of a lion or more pointed, resembling those of an eagle.

Symbolism

Throughout history, griffins have been used as symbols of strength, courage, and protection. They were believed to guard treasures and priceless possessions. In medieval heraldry, the griffin became a popular symbol, representing strength and vigilance. It was often used in coats of arms and flags.

Cultural Significance

The griffin has played a significant role in various cultures throughout history. In Ancient Egypt, it was associated with the sun god, Ra, symbolizing his power. The Ancient Greeks believed griffins guarded the gold of the north, a theme echoed in later European folklore where griffins were thought to guard treasures. In Persian mythology, the griffin was a protector of the divine, often depicted in art guarding palaces or treasures.

In Literature and Art

Griffins have been a popular subject in literature and art throughout the ages. In Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, the griffin symbolizes Christ. In modern times, griffins appear in various fantasy novels and films, often retaining their role as guardians or noble creatures.

Modern Usage

Today, the griffin motif is used in various ways, from mascots for sports teams to symbols for organizations, reflecting qualities such as strength, courage, and vigilance. The griffin remains a popular figure in fantasy literature and games, where it often retains its traditional attributes and symbolism.