HLA-A2

HLA-A2 is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α2 domain of HLA-A α chain. This group also includes HLA-A*02 gene products. HLA-A2 is associated with a number of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases.

Structure and Function

HLA-A2 is a cell surface protein that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is part of the HLA class I molecules, which are responsible for presenting antigens to the T cells of the immune system. The HLA-A2 molecule is composed of a heavy chain and a light chain, also known as beta-2 microglobulin. The heavy chain is encoded by the HLA-A*02 gene, which is located on chromosome 6.

Role in Disease

HLA-A2 has been associated with a number of diseases. For example, it has been found to be overrepresented in patients with multiple sclerosis, suggesting a potential role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Similarly, HLA-A2 has been linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes.

In the context of cancer, HLA-A2 is often used in the development of cancer vaccines. This is because HLA-A2 can present tumor-associated antigens to the immune system, thereby triggering an immune response against the cancer cells.

See Also

• HLA-A
• HLA-B
• HLA-C
• HLA class I
• Human leukocyte antigen

References

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