HLA-A25

HLA-A25 is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within the HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of antigen A*25. This broad antigen group also includes the more specific HLA A*2501 and A*2502 serotypes.

Function

HLA-A25 is part of the HLA-A gene complex, which encodes the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain paralogues. This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). The heavy chain is anchored in the membrane of cells, and the peptide presenting groove interacts with T cells, playing a crucial role in the immune system's response to foreign antigens.

Clinical significance

HLA-A25 has been associated with various medical conditions. For example, it has been linked to an increased susceptibility to autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Additionally, certain HLA-A25 alleles may be associated with a higher risk of HIV progression.

Distribution

HLA-A25 is found at highest frequencies in certain populations, such as those in Western Europe and North Africa. However, it is present at lower frequencies in other populations worldwide.

See also

• HLA-A
• Human leukocyte antigen
• Major histocompatibility complex
• Antigen presentation
• Autoimmune diseases