HLA-B12

HLA-B12 is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) serotype. The HLA system is a group of genes that are crucial for the function of the immune system. HLA-B12 is part of the HLA-B locus, which is a highly polymorphic gene family located on the short arm of chromosome 6.

Function

HLA-B12 is involved in the presentation of antigens to the T cells of the immune system. This is a crucial step in the immune response, as it allows the immune system to recognize and respond to foreign substances. The HLA-B12 molecule is a cell surface protein that binds to antigens and presents them to T cells.

Genetics

The HLA-B12 serotype is determined by the HLA-B*12 allele group. This group contains many different alleles, each of which can produce a slightly different version of the HLA-B12 molecule. The diversity of these alleles is thought to be a result of evolutionary pressure from pathogens.

Clinical significance

HLA-B12 has been associated with a number of diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriasis. It is thought that certain HLA-B12 alleles may increase susceptibility to these diseases by altering the immune response.

See also

• HLA-B
• Human leukocyte antigen
• Immune system
• Antigen presentation