HLA-B35

HLA-B35 is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) serotype. The HLA system is a group of genes that encode for proteins on the surface of cells that are responsible for regulation of the immune system. HLA-B35 is part of the HLA-B serotype group, which is located on the short arm of chromosome 6 (6p21.3).

Structure and Function

HLA-B35 is a cell surface protein that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is involved in the presentation of peptides (small proteins) to the T cells of the immune system. This process is essential for the immune system to recognize and respond to foreign substances, such as viruses and bacteria.

The HLA-B35 molecule is a heterodimer, consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain. The heavy chain is encoded by the HLA-B35 gene, while the light chain is a common component known as beta-2 microglobulin. The heavy chain is anchored in the cell membrane, and the light chain is non-covalently attached to it.

Clinical Significance

HLA-B35 has been associated with a number of diseases. For example, it has been linked to an increased risk of HIV progression. It is also associated with a higher risk of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis.

In addition, HLA-B35 has been implicated in drug hypersensitivity reactions. Certain medications can bind to the HLA-B35 molecule and alter its shape, causing the immune system to mistakenly recognize it as foreign and mount an immune response. This can result in severe and potentially life-threatening reactions.

Research and Future Directions

Research is ongoing to further understand the role of HLA-B35 in disease and health. This includes studies to identify the specific peptides that HLA-B35 presents to the immune system, and how these might be manipulated to treat disease. In addition, research is being conducted to develop drugs that can block the action of HLA-B35, as a potential treatment for autoimmune diseases and other conditions.