HLA-B40

HLA-B40 is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) serotype. The HLA system is a group of genes that are crucial for the function of the immune system. HLA-B40 is part of the HLA-B locus, which is a subcategory of the larger HLA system.

Function

HLA-B40 is involved in the presentation of peptides (small proteins) to the immune system. This is a crucial step in the immune response, as it allows the immune system to recognize and respond to foreign substances, such as viruses and bacteria.

Genetics

HLA-B40 is encoded by the HLA-B*40 gene, which is located on the short arm of chromosome 6. There are two main subtypes of HLA-B40, known as B*4001 and B*4002. These subtypes differ slightly in their genetic sequence, but both are involved in the immune response.

Clinical significance

HLA-B40 has been associated with a number of diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, and certain types of cancer. It is thought that variations in the HLA-B*40 gene may influence the immune system's response to these diseases, potentially affecting disease progression and treatment outcomes.

See also

• HLA-B
• Human leukocyte antigen
• Immune system
• Peptide