HLA-B56

HLA-B56 is a HLA-B serotype. The HLA-B56 serotype is determined by the HLA-B*56 allele group and the corresponding HLA-B*56 gene which is a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule. HLA-B56 is part of the human leukocyte antigen system, which plays a crucial role in the immune system's defense against disease.

Function

The primary function of HLA-B56, like other MHC class I molecules, is to present peptide fragments derived from intracellular pathogens, such as viruses and some bacteria, to cytotoxic T cells. This is a crucial part of the immune response, allowing the immune system to recognize and destroy infected cells.

Genetics

The HLA-B*56 gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 6, in the major histocompatibility complex. This region is highly polymorphic, meaning it has a high degree of genetic diversity. This diversity is thought to be an evolutionary adaptation to allow the immune system to respond to a wide range of pathogens.

Clinical significance

HLA-B56 has been associated with a number of diseases, including certain types of cancer and autoimmune diseases. For example, it has been found to be overrepresented in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting it may play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease.

See also

• HLA-B
• Human leukocyte antigen
• Major histocompatibility complex
• Rheumatoid arthritis