HLA-DPB1

HLA-DPB1 is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune system. The HLA-DPB1 gene is part of a family of genes called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. The HLA complex helps the immune system distinguish the body's own proteins from proteins made by foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria.

Structure

The HLA-DPB1 gene is located on the short (p) arm of chromosome 6 at position 21. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the HLA class II proteins. HLA class II proteins are present on the surface of certain immune system cells, where they help to trigger an immune response.

Function

The HLA-DPB1 protein is involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system. This protein, along with other HLA proteins, binds to fragments of proteins that are processed inside the cell and transports them to the cell surface. The immune system then recognizes these protein fragments as foreign, triggering an immune response.

Clinical significance

Variations in the HLA-DPB1 gene have been associated with susceptibility to various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, and type 1 diabetes. In addition, certain HLA-DPB1 gene variants are associated with an increased risk of graft-versus-host disease, a complication that can occur after a stem cell transplant.

See also

• Human leukocyte antigen
• Autoimmune disease
• Graft-versus-host disease