HLA-DQ5

HLA-DQ5 is a serotype group within the larger HLA-DQ (Human Leukocyte Antigen - DQ) system. The HLA-DQ5 serotype group is determined by the antibody recognition of β5 and this generally detects the gene product of DQB1*050. HLA-DQ5 is associated with various medical conditions, including celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis.

Structure and Function

HLA-DQ5 is a cell surface receptor protein found on antigen presenting cells. It is involved in the immune system's response to foreign substances. The HLA-DQ5 molecule is a heterodimer, consisting of a α chain and a β chain, which are encoded by separate genes. The β5 chain of HLA-DQ5 is encoded by the DQB1*050 gene.

Medical Significance

HLA-DQ5 has been implicated in a number of autoimmune diseases.

Celiac Disease

In celiac disease, HLA-DQ5 is part of a haplotype with DQ2.5 and DQ8 that is associated with disease susceptibility. However, the role of DQ5 in celiac disease is not as well understood as that of DQ2.5 and DQ8.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

HLA-DQ5 has also been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Studies have shown that individuals with the HLA-DQ5 allele may have an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.

Multiple Sclerosis

In multiple sclerosis, HLA-DQ5 is one of several HLA class II alleles that have been associated with disease susceptibility.

See Also

• HLA-DQ
• Celiac disease
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Multiple sclerosis