Hackney

Human settlement in England

Area	7.36 km2 (2.84 sq mi)
Population	279,665 (2021 Census)
• Density	37,998/km2 (98,410/sq mi)

Hackney is a borough in London, England, which has undergone significant regeneration since the late 20th century. Located in the heart of East London, it is bordered by Islington, Tower Hamlets, Waltham Forest, and Haringey. Hackney encompasses a diverse community and a vibrant mix of residential and commercial areas.

History

The history of Hackney dates back to the Tudor period, when it was a rural area known for its market gardens and country houses. By the 19th century, Hackney experienced rapid urbanization, becoming a densely populated suburb of London. The area played a significant role during the Industrial Revolution, with the development of industries along the River Lea.

In the late 20th century, Hackney faced social and economic challenges, including high levels of unemployment and crime. However, since the early 2000s, Hackney has seen extensive regeneration, particularly after being one of the host boroughs for the 2012 Summer Olympics. This has led to improvements in housing, public spaces, and local amenities, transforming Hackney into a sought-after area for living and business.

Geography

Hackney is characterized by its mix of green spaces, such as Hackney Marshes and Victoria Park, and urban environments. The borough is known for its historic buildings, including the St. John's Church and Sutton House, alongside modern architectural developments.

Demographics

As of the 2021 Census, Hackney has a population of approximately 280,000 residents. The borough is noted for its ethnic diversity, with a significant proportion of its population being of Black British, Turkish British, and Kurdish descent, among other ethnic groups.

Culture

Hackney is renowned for its cultural scene, hosting numerous festivals, markets, and arts events throughout the year. The area boasts a thriving music and arts scene, supported by venues such as the Hackney Empire, known for its contributions to the performing arts. The borough is also home to a vibrant culinary scene, featuring a wide array of international cuisines.

Transport

Transport in Hackney is well-served by several London Overground stations, including Hackney Central and Hackney Downs. Numerous bus routes also connect Hackney with other parts of London. Despite its extensive public transport links, the borough promotes cycling and walking, with several dedicated cycle routes and pedestrian-friendly streets.

Education

Hackney offers a range of educational institutions, from primary schools to higher education. Notable establishments include Hackney Community College and the Mossbourne Community Academy, which have contributed to the improvement of educational standards in the area.

Governance

Hackney is governed by the Hackney London Borough Council, which has been under Labour control for several years. The borough is represented in the UK Parliament by two constituencies: Hackney North and Stoke Newington, and Hackney South and Shoreditch.

See also

• List of districts in Hackney
• Hackney carriage
• History of London