Haematopoietic system

Haematopoietic System

The Haematopoietic System (also known as the Hematopoietic System in American English) is the body's complex system responsible for the production of blood cells. This process, known as Haematopoiesis, occurs primarily in the bone marrow, but also in other parts of the body such as the liver and spleen during fetal development.

Structure

The Haematopoietic System is composed of the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and lymphatic system. The bone marrow is the primary site of haematopoiesis and is found within the cavities of large bones. It contains haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) which give rise to all other blood cells through the process of haematopoiesis.

Function

The main function of the Haematopoietic System is to produce and regulate blood cells. This is achieved through the process of haematopoiesis, which involves the differentiation of multipotent HSCs into various types of blood cells. These include red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes).

Clinical significance

Disorders of the Haematopoietic System can lead to a variety of medical conditions. These include leukaemias, lymphomas, and anaemias, which are characterized by abnormal production or function of blood cells. Treatment options for these conditions often involve chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or bone marrow transplantation.

See also

• Haematopoiesis
• Bone marrow
• Red blood cell
• White blood cell
• Platelet