Hamstrings

Hamstrings are a group of three muscles located at the back of the thigh. These muscles are the semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris. They play a crucial role in walking, running, and jumping by allowing the knee to bend and the hip to extend.

Anatomy

The hamstrings are made up of three muscles:

• Semitendinosus: This muscle originates from the ischial tuberosity and inserts into the upper part of the tibia.
• Semimembranosus: This muscle also originates from the ischial tuberosity and inserts into the back of the medial condyle of the tibia.
• Biceps Femoris: This muscle has two heads. The long head originates from the ischial tuberosity, while the short head originates from the femur. Both heads insert into the head of the fibula.

Function

The hamstrings are responsible for flexion of the knee and extension of the hip. They also assist in rotation of the leg.

Injuries

Hamstring injuries are common in athletes, especially those involved in sports that require sprinting or sudden stops and starts. These injuries can range from minor strains to complete tears. Treatment for hamstring injuries typically involves rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE). In severe cases, surgery may be required.

Prevention

To prevent hamstring injuries, it is important to properly warm up before physical activity and to regularly perform exercises that strengthen the hamstrings and improve flexibility.

See Also

• Muscular system
• Thigh
• Knee
• Hip

Hamstrings Resources
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