Haridwar

Haridwar Aerial view

Ganga Mahabalipuram

Shiva Bearing the Descent of the Ganges River, folio from a Hindi manuscript by the saint Narayan LACMA M.86.345.6

Head of Ganges Canal, Haridwar, 1894-1898

Haridwar from opposite bank of the Ganges, 1866

Haridwar is a city situated in the Uttarakhand state of India. Known as one of the seven holiest places (Sapta Puri) to Hindus, Haridwar is a major pilgrimage center in India. The city is located where the Ganges River comes down from the Himalayas, making it a particularly sacred spot where pilgrims come to bathe in the holy waters to cleanse their sins. The name 'Haridwar' translates to 'Gateway to God', with 'Hari' meaning God and 'dwar' meaning gate.

Geography

Haridwar lies at the foothills of the Himalayas, where the Ganges River exits the mountain ranges and enters the plains. This geographical feature contributes to its spiritual significance and its scenic beauty. The city's coordinates are approximately 29.945°N 78.164°E.

History

The history of Haridwar dates back to ancient times, with references found in several Hindu scriptures including the Vedas and the Mahabharata. It is believed that it was here that the sage Bhagirath performed penance to bring the river Ganges from heaven to earth, which is a story central to its spiritual significance.

Culture

Haridwar is renowned for its religious and spiritual significance. The city hosts the Kumbh Mela, one of the largest religious gatherings in the world, which occurs every twelve years. The Ardh Kumbh Mela takes place every six years. It is also home to the Ganga Aarti, a spiritual ritual that takes place at the Har Ki Pauri ghat every evening, where lamps are floated on the river, accompanied by prayers and songs.

Economy

The economy of Haridwar is not only supported by tourism and the pilgrimage industry but also by the manufacturing sector. The city has seen significant industrial growth in recent years, with the establishment of the State Industrial Development Corporation of Uttarakhand (SIDCUL) and the Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) plant.

Education

Haridwar is also a center for education with several institutions, including the Gurukul Kangri University, which is a center of learning for ancient Hindu scriptures, Ayurveda, and Sanskrit.

Transport

Haridwar is well-connected by road and rail. The city has its own railway station, and the nearest airport is the Jolly Grant Airport in Dehradun, approximately 35 kilometers away.

Places of Interest

• Har Ki Pauri: The most famous ghat in Haridwar where people come to bathe in the Ganges.
• Mansa Devi Temple: A temple dedicated to Mansa Devi, located atop the Bilwa Parvat on the Sivalik Hills.
• Chandi Devi Temple: Situated on the Neel Parvat, this temple is dedicated to Goddess Chandi.
• Rajaji National Park: Located near Haridwar, it is a national park and tiger reserve.

See Also

• Ganges River
• Kumbh Mela
• Uttarakhand