Hassall's corpuscle

Hashimoto's Struma also known as Hashimoto's Thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid gland. It was first described by the Japanese specialist Hakaru Hashimoto in 1912.

Overview

Hashimoto's Struma is characterized by the immune system attacking the thyroid gland, leading to chronic inflammation and often to hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid does not produce enough hormones. This disease is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the United States.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Hashimoto's Struma can vary greatly from person to person. Some people may not have any symptoms at all, while others may experience fatigue, weight gain, sensitivity to cold, joint and muscle pain, constipation, dry skin, thinning hair, decreased sweating, heavy or irregular menstrual periods, depression, and a slowed heart rate.

Causes

The exact cause of Hashimoto's Struma is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some researchers believe that a virus or bacterium might trigger the response, while others believe a genetic flaw may be involved. It's also noted that sex hormones may play a role, as the condition is more common in women.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Hashimoto's Struma is typically based on the patient's symptoms and confirmed through blood tests that measure levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and anti-thyroid antibodies. In some cases, a biopsy of the thyroid may be required.

Treatment

Treatment for Hashimoto's Struma typically involves daily use of the synthetic thyroid hormone levothyroxine. This oral medication restores adequate hormone levels, reversing the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism.

See Also

• Autoimmune disease
• Thyroid gland
• Hypothyroidism
• Hakaru Hashimoto