Hatter's shakes

Hatter's shakes, also known as mercurial tremors, is a neurological disorder affecting individuals who have been exposed to mercury vapor. This condition is historically associated with hat makers, hence the name "hatter's shakes," due to the use of mercury nitrate in the felting process of hat manufacturing during the 18th and 19th centuries. Mercury exposure can lead to a variety of health issues, including tremors, which are the hallmark of this condition.

Symptoms and Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

The primary symptom of hatter's shakes is a fine, involuntary tremor that typically affects the hands and may extend to the eyelids, lips, and tongue. As the exposure continues or increases, the tremors may become more pronounced and can interfere with daily activities. Other symptoms associated with mercury poisoning include psychological disturbances, such as irritability, mood swings, and memory problems, as well as physical symptoms like gingivitis, excessive salivation, and erethism (a heightened emotional state).

Diagnosis of hatter's shakes is primarily based on the history of mercury exposure and the presence of characteristic symptoms. Additional tests, such as blood and urine analysis, can confirm mercury poisoning by measuring the levels of mercury in the body.

Treatment and Prevention[edit | edit source]

The first step in treating hatter's shakes is to remove the source of mercury exposure. In cases of acute mercury poisoning, chelation therapy may be used to bind the mercury and facilitate its excretion from the body. Supportive care, including physical therapy, may help manage tremors and improve quality of life.

Prevention of hatter's shakes involves minimizing exposure to mercury. In industrial settings, this includes using safer alternatives to mercury, implementing proper ventilation systems, and providing personal protective equipment to workers. Public health measures, such as monitoring and regulating mercury emissions, are also crucial in preventing mercury poisoning.

Historical Context[edit | edit source]

The term "hatter's shakes" originates from the hat-making industry, where mercury nitrate was used in the felting process. Chronic exposure to mercury vapors led to widespread cases of mercury poisoning among hat makers, giving rise to the phrase "mad as a hatter." Although the use of mercury in hat making has been discontinued, mercury exposure remains a concern in various industries and environmental contexts.