Heart-type fatty acid binding protein

Protein FABP3 PDB 1g5w

Heart-type fatty acid binding protein

Heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), also known as fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FABP3 gene. It is a member of the fatty acid binding protein (FABP) family, which plays a crucial role in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids within cells.

Structure

H-FABP is a small cytoplasmic protein consisting of approximately 132 amino acids. It contains a beta-barrel structure that allows it to bind to fatty acids with high affinity. The protein is predominantly expressed in cardiac muscle tissue, where it facilitates the uptake and utilization of fatty acids as an energy source.

Function

H-FABP functions as a carrier protein for long-chain fatty acids, aiding in their transport across cellular membranes and their delivery to various cellular compartments for energy production or storage. It also plays a role in regulating lipid metabolism and maintaining cellular homeostasis.

Clinical Significance

Elevated levels of H-FABP in the blood have been associated with various cardiovascular conditions, including acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. As such, H-FABP has been investigated as a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis and prognosis of these conditions.

Diagnostic Use

Due to its rapid release into the bloodstream following cardiac injury, H-FABP has shown promise as a sensitive and specific biomarker for the early detection of myocardial damage. It is often used in conjunction with other cardiac markers, such as troponins, to aid in the diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes.